Geology is the study of Earth's physical structure, materials, and the dynamic processes that shape its surface as well as interior over time. It explores phenomena like plate tectonics, volcanism, erosion, and sedimentation to understand how landscapes form and change. The field is broadly divided into two main subsections:
1. Physical geology, which focuses on Earth's materials and processes.
Physical Geology
2. Historical geology, which reconstructs Earth's past through rock layers and fossils.